Developing and Modifying Arabic Writing Instruction Materials Based on Idhāfah and Na‘t Constructions through a Problem-Based Learning Approach

Abstract

This study focuses on the development and modification of Arabic writing instructional materials that emphasize Idhāfah (construct phrase) and Na‘t (adjectival phrase) structures through a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) approach. The aim is to enhance students’ grammatical accuracy, coherence, and analytical awareness in constructing Arabic sentences. Using the Research and Development (R&D) design and the ADDIE model, the study involved stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The developed materials were tested on third-semester students of the Arabic Language Department at Universitas Negeri Malang. Data were collected through expert validation, classroom observation, and student performance analysis. The findings revealed that the developed materials achieved high validity (average score 91.4%), practicality, and effectiveness. Students demonstrated significant improvement in composing accurate Idhāfah and Na‘t constructions, with overall writing accuracy increasing by 83%. Moreover, the PBL approach stimulated critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration. The study concludes that contextual problem-based writing tasks can bridge linguistic theory and practical application, fostering meaningful and independent Arabic writing competence.