Authentic Assessment Models for Arabic Writing Skills (Mahārah al-Kitābah): A Systematic Literature Review
Keywords:
Authentic Assessment;, Mahārah al-Kitābah;, Arabic Writing Skills;, Arabic Language Learning;, Systematic Literature Review.Abstract
Authentic assessment is crucial for evaluating Arabic writing skills (mahārah al-kitābah) by reflecting real-world application rather than theoretical knowledge. However, a comprehensive overview of its implementation models is lacking. This study aims to fill this gap through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025. Using the PRISMA protocol, 24 articles were selected from databases like Scopus, Google Scholar, and ERIC. The results identified four dominant models: portfolio, project-based, performance-based, and peer/self-assessment. Each model presents distinct strengths, such as portfolio's ability to track longitudinal growth, and weaknesses, like the high time-demand on instructors. Key implementation challenges include increased instructor workload and the need for institutional support. This review concludes that an integrated approach, combining various authentic assessment models, is most effective. It provides a foundational framework for educators to design more valid and practical writing assessments.
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